Air Conditioner Repair: Find Reliable Heating And Cooling System Repair Work Near Your Area

Types of HVAC Repair Work Services You Can Depend On

Ever wondered why your air conditioning system all of a sudden stops blowing cold air on the hottest day of the year? Or why the heater appears to sputter more than warm your home when winter season bites? These are familiar headaches for anybody looking for A/c Repair work Near Me. The challenges don't stop there: odd sounds, changing temperature levels, or inefficient airflow can turn comfort into chaos.

Luckily, Bold City Heating and Air deals with these issues head-on, providing a spectrum of specialized repair work services that change discomfort into comfortable relief. Bold City Heating and Air. Here's a glimpse at the core services they master:

1. Cooling Repair: From refrigerant leakages to compressor failures, every part is scrutinized and fixed to restore cool air flow.
2. Heating Unit Repair Work: Whether it's a defective thermostat or a damaged heating system igniter, no cold night goes unaddressed.
3. Ductwork Repair work: Leaky ducts can waste energy and decrease indoor air quality. Repairing these concealed culprits is a game changer.
4. Thermostat Calibration: Accuracy in temperature control ensures your system runs efficiently, saving energy and money.
5. Emergency Heating And Cooling Services: When your system fails suddenly, prompt repair work minimize downtime and pain.

Think of walking into your home after a sweltering day, greeted by a fresh, completely conditioned breeze. Or snuggling on a frosty night, positive your heating won't betray you. These aren't just dreams-- Bold City Heating and Air makes them truth with every repair work.

Why go for less when the very best a/c repair work near me can deal with everything from minor glitches to major malfunctions? Bold City Heating and Air doesn't simply fix systems-- they bring back peace of mind and comfort to your home.

Common Heating And Cooling Issues and Solutions

When your air conditioning system sputters and stalls on the most popular day, it seems like deep space is playing a cruel joke. Among the most frequent perpetrators? A clogged air filter. Dust, family pet hair, and debris choke the air flow, forcing your system to work overtime and eventually falter. Ever question why your energy bills all of a sudden spike? That's your a/c system gasping under pressure.

Bold City Heating and Air comprehends the subtle signs that often go undetected till it's almost far too late. A whisper of unusual noises or a faint burning smell can signify internal concerns that, if addressed promptly, avoid pricey replacements.

Top A/c Problems Translated

• Refrigerant leaks-- Unnoticeable yet impactful, these leaks undermine cooling performance and can harm the environment.
• Thermostat malfunctions-- In some cases the offender isn't the system however the brain behind it, misreading temperature levels and sending mixed signals.
• Frozen coils-- Often an outcome of bad airflow or low refrigerant, these icy culprits stop cooling altogether.

Expert Tips to Keep Your System in Peak Shape

1. Modification filters every 1-3 months; it's the most basic act with the greatest benefit.
2. Inspect condensate drains for obstructions to avoid water damage and mold buildup.
3. Seal duct leakages to improve efficiency-- often a couple of inches of tape conserve you hundreds.

Have you ever saw your system cycling on and off like an anxious heart beat? That short biking is a warning that Bold City Heating and Air quickly recognizes. Bold City Heating and Air. They dive deep, identifying with precision, guaranteeing your HVAC doesn't just limp along however prospers. Their approach changes stress and anxiety into relief, turning technical headaches into cool comfort

Choosing a Trustworthy Heating And Cooling Repair Technician

When your air conditioner sputters out in the peak of summer, or your heating system refuses to warm a cold night, you don't just want any professional-- you desire someone who understands the heart beat of your home's a/c system. Not every professional has the flair for diagnosing the sneaky offenders behind inefficient cooling or heating. Think of calling someone who patches the issue briefly, just to have the system fail again days later on. Frustrating, right?

Bold City Heating and Air understands that reliability isn't practically appearing; it's about appearing all set. Their technicians show up geared up with diagnostic tools that dive much deeper than surface signs, capturing the true essence of the malfunction. They do not simply change parts; they unravel the story your system is telling. Have you ever questioned why your energy costs increase inexplicably? Sometimes, it's a subtle refrigerant leak or a blocked filter that's easy to overlook however costly if ignored.

Professional Tips for Spotting a Knowledgeable Heating And Cooling Professional

• Accreditation and Licensing: Confirm credentials-- trained pros back their work with acknowledged qualifications.
• Transparent Estimates: Search for clear descriptions, not unclear quotes that dodge the information.
• Diagnostic Method: Experts utilize organized checks-- no guesswork, just precise analytical.
• Interaction Skills: Can they describe repair work without jargon? That's a sign they respect your understanding.
• Parts Quality Awareness: They should prioritize long lasting elements, not fast repairs that fade quickly.

Bold City Heating and Air prospers on a philosophy that HVAC repair work is less about fast repairs and more about long-lived solutions crafted with care. They embrace the complexity of each system, turning what may appear like a daunting repair work into a smooth, transparent process. Like a skilled detective, they decipher the peculiarities of your unit, guaranteeing that your comfort isn't simply restored, however optimized.

Deciphering the Costs Behind HVAC Repair Work Services

Ever discovered how a basic heating and cooling repair can sometimes spiral into a wallet-busting ordeal? The truth depends on the labyrinth of concealed factors that influence repair costs. From the degree of the damage to the age of your unit, these elements weave an intricate story.

Imagine a cold night where your air conditioning system sputters and stops working. You call for HVAC repair near me, and unexpectedly, you're confronted with a quote that feels like a cryptic puzzle (Bold City Heating and Air). What exactly drives these numbers?

Key Aspects Influencing Repair Work Costs

• Severity of the Problem: Minor problems like thermostat breakdowns cost less compared to compressor or coil replacements.
• Equipment Age: Older systems typically need more substantial repairs or part replacements, which hikes the rate.
• Labor Complexity: Difficult-to-access units demand more time and know-how, naturally increasing labor costs.
• Replacement Parts: Genuine parts versus generic ones, availability, and shipping can swing costs commonly.
• Emergency Service: Repair work done outside regular hours normally feature premium fees.

Bold City Heating and Air understands these intricacies like the back of their hand. They've seen firsthand how a split blower wheel or a clogged condensate drain can become a costly ordeal if disregarded. Their professionals do not simply patch up-- they detect with precision, guaranteeing you spend for what's essential, not a penny more.

Here's a pro tip: routine assessment of your a/c system's filters and condensate lines can avoid small concerns from snowballing. Did you know a clogged filter can force your system to work overtime, causing wear that requires pricey repair work?

Does your HVAC repair quote seem like a shot in the dark? Bold City Heating and Air's openness and knowledge brighten the procedure, directing you through what each cost implies. After all, understanding these elements can turn a stressful repair into a manageable financial investment in your home's comfort.

Reputable A/c Service in Jacksonville, FL

Jacksonville, FL is a vibrant city understood for its substantial park system, stunning beaches, and bustling riverfront. As the most populous city in Florida, it provides a diverse economy with strong sectors in finance, logistics, and health care. The city's warm environment makes efficient and reputable a/c systems vital for locals and services alike to stay comfortable year-round.

For those looking for professional recommendations and expert heating and cooling repair work near me, Bold City Heating and Air can supply a complimentary assessment to assist attend to any cooling or heating issues effectively. They are ready to help with all your heating and cooling requires.

1. 32206: 32206 is a zip code covering a varied area of Jacksonville FL. It comprises Arlington, recognized for its mid-century architecture and convenient entry to downtown.
2. 32207: 32207 is a zip code encompassing sections of Jacksonville's Southside, recognized for its mix of residential areas and commercial developments. It includes diverse neighborhoods and easy access to major roadways. Jacksonville FL
3. 32208: 32208 is a postal code including parts of Jacksonville FL's Southside, recognized for its mix of domestic districts and commercial centers. It includes popular places like the Avenues Mall and adjacent business parks.
4. 32209: 32209 is a zip code covering sections of Arlington, a big and varied housing area in Jacksonville FL. It offers a mix of accommodation options, parks, and convenient access to city center.
5. 32210: This zip code is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville FL, known for its blend of homes and commercial enterprises. It provides a useful location with quick access to major roadways and nearby conveniences.
6. 32211: 32211 is a zip code primarily covering the Arlington area of Jacksonville FL. It's a vast residential area with a combination of housing selections, retail businesses, and parks.
7. 32099: 32099 encompasses Ponte Vedra Beach, a coastal community known for its high-end homes and golf courses. It provides gorgeous beaches and a relaxed, resort style atmosphere.
8. 32201: 32201 is a city center Jacksonville FL zip code encompassing the city center. It features sites like the Jacksonville Landing and historical buildings.
9. 32202: 32202 is a dynamic neighborhood in Jacksonville FL, known for its historical charm and eclectic community. It features a combination of housing, local businesses, and cultural attractions.
10. 32203: 32203 is a zip code covering a large part of Jacksonville FL's city center district and surrounding communities. It contains many historic structures, companies, and residential districts along the St. Johns River.
11. 32204: 32204 is a zip code encompassing the neighborhood of Ortega in Jacksonville FL. It is a historical and wealthy area known because of its water's edge properties and oak-lined streets.
12. 32205: 32205 is a zip code covering a big portion of Jacksonville FL's urban core, containing the historical Riverside and Avondale neighborhoods. Recognized for its vibrant arts scene, varied architecture, and pedestrian-friendly streets, 32205 offers a blend of housing, business, and recreational spaces.
13. 32212: 32212 is a zip code encompassing parts of Jacksonville FL's Southside, known for its mix of housing developments and business districts. It offers a range of homes, shopping, and dining experiences.
14. 32214: This ZIP code is a zip code encompassing parts of Jacksonville's Southside, recognized for its mix of residential areas and commercial developments. It offers a blend of suburban living with easy access to shopping, dining, and major roadways.
15. 32215: 32215 is a zip code including several neighborhoods in Jacksonville FL's Southside area. It's recognized as a mix of residential sections, commercial centers, and closeness to important roads.
16. 32216: That ZIP code is a zip code covering parts of Jacksonville's Southside, known for its mix of residential zones and commercial developments. It gives a suburban vibe with ready access to shopping, dining, and major roadways.
17. 32217: 32217 is a zip code covering a big part of Mandarin, a suburb in Jacksonville FL famous for its picturesque waterfront views. It includes a blend of residential neighborhoods, parks, and commercial developments along the St. Johns River.
18. 32218: The 32218 is a zip code covering parts of the Southside area in Jacksonville FL. It is a mainly residential area with a combination of apartments, condos, and single-family homes.
19. 32227: The 32227 zip code encompasses the Jacksonville Beach area, providing a mix of residential neighborhoods and beachfront attractions. It's recognized for its laid-back shoreline lifestyle and popular surfing spots. Jacksonville FL
20. 32228: 32228 is a zip code encompassing the Jacksonville FL area. It is known for its sandy shores, lively boardwalk, and beachfront recreational activities.
21. 32229: 32229 is a postal code covering the Arlington district of Jacksonville FL. It is a big housing and commercial district located east of the St. Johns River.
22. 32235: 32235 is a zip code mainly encompassing the Arlington area of Jacksonville FL. It's a big residential area with a mix of housing options, retail, and commercial businesses.
23. 32236: 32236 is a zip code covering the Ocean Way and NewBerlin neighborhoods in Jacksonville FL. It's a largely residential area recognized for its residential nature and closeness to the Jacksonville International Airport.
24. 32237: 32237 is a zip code covering a part of Jacksonville's Southside area. It is known for a blend of housing neighborhoods, business centers, and closeness to the University of North Florida.
25. 32238: 32238 is a zip code encompassing sections of Jacksonville FL's Southside, recognized because of its mix of residential areas and commercial developments. It includes popular shopping centers, office parks, and varied housing options.
26. 32239: 32239 is a zip code including the Kernan area of Jacksonville FL. It is a developing residential area with a blend of housing options and handy access to amenities.
27. 32240: 32240 is a zip code including the Argyle Forest neighborhood in Jacksonville FL. This region is recognized for its family-friendly atmosphere and residential development.
28. 32241: 32241 is a Jacksonville FL zip code including the Southside Estates area. It is a mainly residential section with a combination of housing choices and easy access to major roadways.
29. 32244: 32244 is a zip code covering the Jacksonville Beaches region. It includes Neptune Beach, Atlantic Beach, and some of Jacksonville Beach.
30. 32219: 32219 is a zip code connected with the Mandarin neighborhood in Jacksonville FL. It's a big residential location recognized for its blend of established areas and more recent projects.
31. 32220: 32220 is a zip code encompassing the Argyle Forest neighborhood in Jacksonville FL. It's a primarily residential area known for its family-friendly atmosphere and easy access to shopping and dining.
32. 32221: The 32221 is a zip code covering parts of Jacksonville FL's Southside, recognized for its mix of housing developments and business parks. It includes communities like Baymeadows and Deerwood, providing a range of housing and retail choices.
33. 32222: That zip code in Jacksonville, FL comprises the Beach Haven and South Beach areas. This area is known for its proximity to the coast and residential areas.
34. 32223: 32223 is a zip code including the Mandarin neighborhood of Jacksonville FL. It is a large residential location known for its history, parks, and closeness to the St. Johns River.
35. 32224: 32224 is a zip code encompassing Jacksonville Beach, a coastal community recognized for its grainy shores. Locals and tourists alike enjoy surfing, fishing, and a energetic promenade scene in Jacksonville FL.
36. 32225: 32225 is a zip code encompassing Jacksonville FL's Southside area, known because of its mix of residential locations, business centers, and proximity to the St. Johns River. It provides a mixture of suburban living with easy entry to stores, restaurants, and recreational activities.
37. 32226: 32226 is a zip postal code covering the Southside neighborhood of Jacksonville FL. It's a large, diverse area known for its business hubs, housing developments, and closeness to the St. Johns River.
38. 32230: 32230 is a zip code covering the Jacksonville FL neighborhoods of Arlington and Fort Caroline. This location provides a mix of residential areas, parks, and historical sites.
39. 32231: 32231 is the zip postal code for Mandarin, a large suburban neighborhood in Jacksonville FL known because of its history and picturesque views beside the St. Johns River. It offers a combination of residential areas, parks, and commercial centers.
40. 32232: 32232 is the zip code of the Kernan area of Jacksonville FL. It's a developing suburban community known for its housing areas and closeness to the beach.
41. 32234: 32234 is the zip code of the Mandarin community in Jacksonville FL. It is a big residential location known for its history, parks, and proximity to the St. Johns River.
42. 32245: 32245 is a zip code encompassing several communities in Jacksonville FL, such as the wealthy Deerwood area known for its gated communities and the large St. Johns Town Center retail and restaurant destination. Locals enjoy a combination of upscale living, retail accessibility, and proximity to major roadways.
43. 32246: 32246 is a zip code encompassing the Hodges Boulevard area in Jacksonville FL. It's a primarily housing area with a blend of home choices and commercial developments.
44. 32247: 32247 is a zip code covering the Mandarin area in Jacksonville FL. It's a large residential location famous for its historic roots, waterfront views, and welcoming environment.
45. 32250: 32250 is a zip code encompassing a part of Jacksonville's in FL Southside, recognized for its mix of housing areas and commercial developments. It includes parts of the Baymeadows area, offering a variety of housing options and convenient access to stores and dining.
46. 32254: 32254 is a zip code encompassing parts of Jacksonville's Southside, known for its mix of housing areas and business developments. It includes the well-known Deerwood Park and Tinseltown areas.
47. 32255: 32255 is a zip code including several communities in Jacksonville FL's south side area. It presents a mix of housing neighborhoods, business hubs, and proximity to main roadways.
48. 32256: 32256 is a postal code encompassing sections of the Southside neighborhood in Jacksonville FL. It offers a combination of housing developments, business districts, and recreational opportunities.
49. 32257: 32257 is a zip code encompassing the Kernan and Hodges Boulevards area of Jacksonville FL. This region is known for its housing communities, shopping centers, and closeness to the University of North Florida.
50. 32258: 32258 is a zip code covering parts of Jacksonville FL's south side, known for residential sections and commercial developments. It covers communities like Baymeadow and Deerwood, giving a blend of lodging options and convenient access to purchasing and food.
51. 32260: 32260 is a zip code covering Jacksonville FL's Southside area. It features a mix of housing, commercial developments, and closeness to the St. Johns River.
52. 32277: 32277 is the zip code for Jacksonville FL, a coastal community known for its sandy shores and vibrant boardwalk. It provides a combination of residential areas, hotels, restaurants, and recreational pursuits.

1. Cummer Museum of Art and Gardens: The Cummer Museum of Art and Gardens displays a wide collection of art encompassing various eras and cultures. Guests can also explore lovely formal gardens overlooking the St. Johns River in Jacksonville FL.
2. Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens: Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens displays a diverse collection of creatures and plants from across the world. It provides engaging displays, educational activities, and preservation efforts for visitors of all ages. Jacksonville FL
3. Museum of Science and History: The Museum of Science & History in Jacksonville FL presents interactive exhibits and a planetarium appropriate for all ages. Guests can explore science, history, and culture through engaging displays and educational programs.
4. Kingsley Plantation: Kingsley Plantation is a historical site that provides a peek into Florida's plantation history, encompassing the lives of enslaved people and the planter family. Visitors can investigate the grounds, such as the slave quarters, plantation house, and barn. Jacksonville FL
5. Fort Caroline National Memorial: Fort Caroline National Memorial remembers the 16th-century French try to found a colony in Florida. It offers exhibits and trails examining the history and natural environment of the area in Jacksonville FL.
6. Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve: Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve protects one of the remaining unspoiled coastal wetlands on the Atlantic Coast. It preserves the history of the Timucuan Indians, European explorers, and plantation owners.
7. Friendship Fountain: Friendship Fountain is a big, iconic water fountain in Jacksonville FL. It features remarkable water features and lights, making it a well-liked attraction and meeting spot.
8. Riverside Arts Market: Riverside Arts Market in Jacksonville FL, is a lively weekly arts and crafts market beneath the Fuller Warren Bridge. It showcases local artisans, on-stage music, food vendors, and a gorgeous view of the St. Johns River.
9. San Marco Square: San Marco Square is a delightful retail and dining district with a European-inspired atmosphere. It is known for its exclusive boutiques, eateries, and the iconic fountain with lions. Jacksonville FL
10. St Johns Town Center: St. Johns Town Center is an exclusive outdoor shopping mall in Jacksonville FL, featuring a selection of luxury retailers, popular brands, and restaurants. It is a top destination for shopping, eating, and entertainment in Northeast FL.
11. Avondale Historic District: Avondale Historic District displays charming early 20th-century architecture and boutique shops. It's a vibrant neighborhood recognized for its nearby restaurants and historic character. Jacksonville FL
12. Treaty Oak Park: Treaty Oak Park is a gorgeous area in Jacksonville FL, home to a massive, ancient oak tree. The park provides a calm retreat with trails and picturesque views of the St. Johns River.
13. Little Talbot Island State Park: Little Talbot Island State Park in Jacksonville FL provides untouched beaches and varied habitats. Guests can experience things to do like hiking, camping, and observing wildlife in this natural shoreline environment.
14. Big Talbot Island State Park: Big Talbot Island State Park in Jacksonville FL, provides breathtaking coastal scenery and varied habitats for nature lovers. Discover the one-of-a-kind boneyard beach, hike scenic trails, and watch abundant wildlife in this lovely wildlife sanctuary.
15. Kathryn Abbey Hanna Park: Kathryn Abbey Hanna Park in Jacksonville FL, offers a gorgeous beach, wooded trails, and a 60-acre freshwater lake for recreation. It's a well-known spot for camping, surfing, kayaking, and biking.
16. Jacksonville Arboretum and Gardens: Jacksonville Arboretum and Gardens provides a lovely ecological escape with diverse trails and specialty gardens. Visitors can explore a range of plant species and relish peaceful outdoor recreation.
17. Memorial Park: Memorial Park is a 5.25-acre park that acts as a tribute to the more than 1,200 Floridians who gave their lives in World War I. The area features a statue, pool, and gardens, offering a place for remembrance and reflection. Jacksonville FL
18. Hemming Park: Hemming Park is Jacksonville FL's oldest park, a historic open square holding events, markets, and community get-togethers. It offers a green space in the heart of downtown with art installations and a vibrant atmosphere.
19. Metropolitan Park: Metropolitan Park in Jacksonville FL offers a stunning riverfront location for gatherings and recreation. With playgrounds, a music stage, and breathtaking vistas, it's a well-known spot for locals and tourists alike.
20. Confederate Park: Confederate Park in Jacksonville FL, was originally designated to honor Confederate soldiers and sailors. It has since been renamed and re-purposed as a space for community events and recreation.
21. Beaches Museum and History Park: Beaches Museum and History Park protects and communicates the unique history of Jacksonville's beaches. Investigate exhibits on local life-saving, surfing, and initial beach communities.
22. Atlantic Beach: The city of Atlantic Beach features a lovely seaside community with gorgeous beaches and a relaxed atmosphere. People can experience surfing, swimming, and discovering local shops and restaurants in Jacksonville FL.
23. Neptune Beach: The city of Neptune Beach offers a typical Florida beach town feeling with its grainy shores and relaxed atmosphere. People can partake in surfing, swimming, and exploring local shops and restaurants in Jacksonville FL.
24. Jacksonville Beach: Jacksonville Beach is a dynamic shoreline city well-known because of its sandy shores and surfing scene. It provides a blend of recreational activities, restaurants, and nightlife along the Atlantic Ocean.
25. Huguenot Memorial Park: This park provides a lovely beachfront spot with chances for camping, fishing, and birdwatching. Visitors can savor the natural allure of the region with its diverse wildlife and scenic coastal views in Jacksonville FL.
26. Castaway Island Preserve: Castaway Island Preserve in Jacksonville FL, provides scenic trails and walkways through varied ecosystems. Guests can enjoy walks in nature, bird watching, and discovering the beauty of the coastal environment.
27. Yellow Bluff Fort Historic State Park: Yellow Bluff Fort Historic State Park in Jacksonville FL safeguards the dirt remains of a Civil War-era Southern fort. Visitors can discover the historical site and learn regarding its meaning by way of interpretive displays.
28. Mandarin Museum & Historical Society: The Mandarin Museum & Historical Society safeguards the past of the Mandarin neighborhood in Jacksonville FL. Guests are able to view exhibits and relics that showcase the region's unique past.
29. Museum of Southern History: The Museum of Southern History displays relics and displays related to the history and culture of the Southern United States. Guests are able to explore a range of topics, including the Civil War, slavery, and Southern art and literature. Jacksonville FL
30. The Catty Shack Ranch Wildlife Sanctuary: The Catty Shack Ranch Wildlife Sanctuary in Jacksonville FL, provides guided walking tours to view rescued big cats and other uncommon animals. It's a not-for-profit organization committed to offering a secure, loving, forever home for these animals.

1. Air Conditioning Installation: Proper placement of cooling systems ensures good and agreeable indoor climates. This crucial process ensures optimal performance and lifespan of climate control units.
2. Air Conditioner: ACs cool indoor spaces by removing heat and moisture. Proper setup by certified technicians ensures efficient performance and optimal climate control.
3. Hvac: Hvac systems govern temperature and air's condition. They are vital for setting up environmental control answers in buildings.
4. Thermostat: The Thermostat is the primary component for adjusting temperature in climate control systems. It tells the cooling unit to turn on and off, maintaining the desired indoor environment.
5. Refrigerant: Refrigerant is crucial for cooling systems, absorbing heat to produce cool air. Appropriate management of refrigerants is vital during HVAC setup for effective and secure operation.
6. Compressor: This Compressor is the component of your cooling system, pumping refrigerant. The process is essential for effective temperature control in climate control setups.
7. Evaporator Coil: The Evaporator Coil takes in heat from indoor air, bringing it down. This part is critical for effective climate control system setup in buildings.
8. Condenser Coil: The Condenser Coil serves as an essential component in refrigeration systems, dissipating heat outside. It facilitates the heat transfer needed for efficient indoor climate management.
9. Ductwork: Ductwork is vital for dispersing cooled air around a building. Proper duct planning and arrangement are critical for efficient climate regulation system location.
10. Ventilation: Efficient Ventilation is crucial for adequate airflow and indoor air standard. It plays a vital role in ensuring peak operation and efficiency of climate control systems.
11. Heat Pump: Heat Pumps transfer heat, providing both heating and cooling. They're key parts in contemporary climate control system installations, offering energy-efficient temperature regulation.
12. Split System: Split systems provide both heating and cooling through an indoor unit connected to an outdoor compressor. They offer a ductless answer for temperature control in specific rooms or areas.
13. Central Air Conditioning: Central air conditioning systems chill entire homes from a sole, potent unit. Proper setup of these systems is essential for efficient and effective home cooling.
14. Energy Efficiency Ratio: Energy Efficiency Ratio measures cooling efficiency: a greater Energy Efficiency Ratio indicates improved operation and lower energy use for climate control systems. Choosing a unit with a good Energy Efficiency Ratio can significantly lower long-term costs when setting up a new climate control system.
15. Variable Speed Compressor: Variable Speed Compressor adjust cooling production to match demand, enhancing efficiency and convenience in HVAC systems. This precise modulation lowers power waste and maintains consistent thermals in building environments.
16. Compressor Maintenance: Compressor Maintenance ensures effective operation and lifespan in cooling systems. Neglecting it can lead to expensive repairs or system breakdowns when establishing climate control.
17. Air Filter: Air Filter capture dust and debris, ensuring pure airflow inside HVAC systems. This improves system performance and indoor air condition during climate control process.
18. Installation Manual: The Installation Manual offers key guidance for properly installing a cooling system. It assures correct procedures are used for optimal performance and safety during the unit's setup.
19. Electrical Wiring: Electrical Wiring is critical for supplying power to and controlling the parts of climate control systems. Suitable wiring guarantees secure and efficient functioning of the cooling and heating units.
20. Indoor Unit: The Indoor Unit circulates conditioned air inside a room. This is a critical part for climate control systems, making sure of correct temperature management in buildings.
21. Outdoor Unit: This Outdoor Unit contains the compressor and condenser, releasing heat externally. It's crucial for a full climate control system installation, ensuring effective cooling inside.
22. Maintenance: Routine care ensures efficient operation and lengthens the lifespan of climate control systems. Proper Maintenance averts failures and improves the performance of installed cooling setups.
23. Energy Efficiency: Energy Efficiency is vital for reducing energy consumption and costs when establishing new climate control systems. Emphasizing efficient equipment and proper installation reduces environmental impact and increases long-term savings.
24. Thermodynamics: Thermo explains how heat moves and transforms energy, crucial for cooling setup system. Effective climate control creation relies on Thermodynamics principles to optimize energy use during system location.
25. Building Codes: Building Codes assure suitable and safe HVAC system installation in buildings. They control aspects such as energy performance and air flow for climate control systems.
26. Load Calculation: Load calculations establishes the warming and chilling requirements of a area. It's crucial for picking suitably dimensioned HVAC units for optimal environmental control.
27. Mini Split: Mini Split provide a ductless approach to temperature management, offering focused heating and cooling. The ease of placement makes them appropriate for spaces where adding ductwork for temperature control is impractical.
28. Air Handler: The Air Handler circulates treated air around a building. It is a vital component for correct climate control system installation.
29. Insulation: Insulation is essential for keeping effective temperature control within a building. It reduces heat exchange, lessening the burden on air conditioning and improving climate control setups.
30. Drainage System: Drainage systems remove condensate generated by air conditioning equipment. Proper drainage avoids water damage and guarantees optimal operation of HVAC setups.
31. Filter: Filters are vital components that eliminate pollutants from the air throughout the installation of climate control systems. This ensures cleaner air flow and safeguards the system's inner components.
32. Heating Ventilation And Air Conditioning: Heating Ventilation And Air Conditioning systems control indoor climate by regulating temperature, humidity, and air condition. Proper installation of these systems ensures economical and productive refrigeration and environmental control inside buildings.
33. Split System Air Conditioner: Split System Air Conditioner offer efficient cooling and heating by separating the compressor and condenser from the air handler. Their design simplifies the process of establishing climate control in homes and businesses.
34. Hvac Technician: Hvac Technicians are qualified professionals who focus in the setup of climate control systems. They make certain of proper functionality and effectiveness of these systems for maximum indoor well-being.
35. Indoor Air Quality: The quality of indoor air substantially impacts well-being and health, so HVAC system setup should emphasize filtration and ventilation. Proper system design and installation is vital for improving air quality.
36. Condensate Drain: The Condensate Drain eliminates water created throughout the cooling operation, stopping harm and maintaining system efficiency. Proper drain assembly is vital for effective climate control installation and long-term performance.
37. Variable Refrigerant Flow: Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) systems precisely regulate refrigerant amount to various zones, offering customized cooling and heating. The technology is vital for establishing efficient and adaptable climate control in building setups.
38. Building Automation System: Building automation systems coordinate and optimize the functioning of HVAC equipment. This results in improved temperature regulation and power savings in buildings.
39. Air Conditioning: Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems adjust indoor temperature and atmosphere. Proper installation of these systems is key for efficient and effective climate control.
40. Temperature Control: Precise temperature regulation is essential for efficient climate control system setup. It guarantees peak performance and comfort in new cooling systems.
41. Thermistor: Temperature-sensitive resistors are thermistors used in weather control systems to accurately measure air temperature. This data assists to control system operation, guaranteeing peak performance and energy efficiency in environmental control arrangements.
42. Thermocouple: Temperature sensors are temperature sensors crucial for ensuring proper HVAC system setup. They accurately gauge temperature, enabling precise adjustments and excellent climate control performance.
43. Digital Thermostat: These devices precisely regulate temperature, improving HVAC system operation. They are crucial for establishing home climate control systems, ensuring efficient and comfortable environments.
44. Programmable Thermostat: Programmable Thermostats improve HVAC systems by enabling personalized temperature schedules. This results in improved energy savings and comfort in home cooling setups.
45. Smart Thermostat: Smart thermostats streamline house temperature management by understanding user preferences and changing temperatures automatically. They play a critical role in modern HVAC system setups, improving energy savings and comfort.
46. Bimetallic Strip: A Bimetallic Strip, made up of two metals that have different expansion rates, curves in reaction to temperature changes. This characteristic is utilized in HVAC systems to operate thermostats and regulate heating or cooling operations.
47. Capillary Tube Thermostat: The Capillary Tube Thermostat precisely regulates temperature in cooling systems via remote sensing. This component is essential for maintaining desired climate control within buildings.
48. Thermostatic Expansion Valve: The Thermostatic Expansion Valve controls refrigerant flow into the evaporator, maintaining best cooling. This part is critical for efficient operation of refrigeration and air conditioning systems in buildings.
49. Setpoint: Setpoint is the desired temperature a climate management system intends to achieve. It directs the system's operation during climate management configurations to preserve desired comfort degrees.
50. Temperature Sensor: Temperature Sensors are essential for controlling heating, ventilation, and cooling systems by tracking air temperature and guaranteeing efficient climate control. Their data assists improve system performance during climate control installation and maintenance.
51. Feedback Loop: The Feedback Loop assists in controlling temperature during climate control system installation by constantly monitoring and adjusting settings. This ensures peak performance and energy efficiency of installed residential cooling.
52. Control System: Control Systems control heat, moisture, and airflow in environmental control setups. They guarantee optimal comfort and energy efficiency in climate-controlled environments.
53. Thermal Equilibrium: Thermal Equilibrium is reached when components attain the same temperature, crucial for effective climate control system setup. Proper balance ensures maximum performance and energy conservation in installed cooling systems.
54. Thermal Conductivity: Thermal Conductivity dictates how efficiently materials transfer heat, impacting the cooling system setup. Selecting materials with appropriate thermal properties assures optimal performance of installed climate control systems.
55. Thermal Insulation: Thermal Insulation minimizes heat transfer, ensuring efficient cooling by lessening the workload on climate control systems. This enhances energy efficiency and preserves consistent temperatures in buildings.
56. On Off Control: On-Off Control keeps desired temperatures by completely activating or turning off cooling systems. This easy way is crucial for regulating climate within buildings throughout environmental control system setup .
57. Pid Controller: PID Controllers precisely regulate temps in HVAC units. This makes sure effective temperature regulation during facility climate setup and functioning.
58. Evaporator: This Evaporator takes in heat from within a space, cooling the air. This is a vital part in temperature control systems designed for home comfort.
59. Condenser: The Condenser unit is a key part in cooling equipment, rejecting heat removed from the indoor space to the outside environment. Its accurate setup is important for effective climate control system placement and performance.
60. Chlorofluorocarbon: Chlorofluorocarbons have been previously widely used refrigerants which helped with refrigeration in numerous building systems. Their part has decreased due to environmental concerns about ozone depletion.
61. Hydrofluorocarbon: Hydrofluorocarbon are coolants commonly used in cooling systems for structures and cars. Their suitable handling is crucial during the establishment of environmental control systems to prevent environmental damage and guarantee efficient operation.
62. Hydrochlorofluorocarbon: Hydrochlorofluorocarbons were previously regularly used refrigerants in air conditioning systems for structures. Their removal has caused the adoption of more sustainable options for new HVAC systems.
63. Global Warming Potential: Global Warming Potential (GWP) shows how much a given mass of greenhouse gas contributes to global warming over a specified period relative to carbon dioxide. Selecting refrigerants with less GWP is key when setting up climate control systems to lessen environmental impact.
64. Ozone Depletion: Ozone Depletion from refrigerants poses environmental dangers. Technicians servicing cooling systems must adhere to regulations to prevent further damage.
65. Phase Change: Phase Change of refrigerants are crucial for effectively conveying heat in climate control systems. Evaporation and condensation processes enable cooling by taking in heat indoors and expelling it outdoors.
66. Heat Transfer: Heat Transfer principles are vital for efficient climate control system establishment. Grasping conduction, convection, and radiation guarantees optimal system operation and energy savings during the process of establishing home cooling.
67. Refrigeration Cycle: The Refrigeration Cycle transfers heat, allowing cooling in HVAC systems. Correct installation and upkeep ensure efficient performance and long life of these cooling options.
68. Environmental Protection Agency: EPA regulates refrigerants and sets standards for HVAC system maintenance to protect the ozone layer and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Technicians handling cooling equipment must be certified to guarantee correct refrigerant management and stop environmental damage.
69. Leak Detection: Leak Detection assures the integrity of refrigerant lines after climate control system placement. Spotting and addressing leaks is essential for optimal performance and ecological safety of newly installed climate control systems.
70. Pressure Gauge: Pressure Gauge are essential tools for checking refrigerant levels during HVAC system installation. They ensure peak performance and prevent damage by verifying pressures are within specified ranges for proper cooling operation.
71. Expansion Valve: The Expansion Valve governs refrigerant flow in cooling systems, allowing for efficient heat absorption. It is a key component for optimal performance in environmental control setups.
72. Cooling Capacity: Cooling capacity decides how well a system can lower the temperature of a room. Choosing the correct capacity is essential for peak performance in environmental control system placement.
73. Refrigerant Recovery: Refrigerant Recovery is the method of removing and keeping refrigerants during HVAC system setups. Correctly recovering refrigerants prevents environmental harm and guarantees efficient new cooling equipment installations.
74. Refrigerant Recycling: Refrigerant Recycling reclaims and recycles refrigerants, reducing environmental effects. This procedure is essential when setting up climate control systems, guaranteeing proper handling and avoiding ozone depletion.
75. Safety Data Sheet: Safety Data Sheets (SDS) offer crucial information on the safe handling and potential hazards of chemicals used in cooling system installation. Technicians use SDS data to defend themselves and prevent accidents during HVAC equipment placement and connection.
76. Synthetic Refrigerant: Synthetic Refrigerants are vital liquids used in refrigeration systems to move heat. Their correct handling is crucial for efficient climate control setup and maintenance.
77. Heat Exchange: Heat Exchange is vital for chilling buildings, enabling effective temperature regulation. It's a pivotal process in climate control system setup, assisting the movement of heat to supply comfortable indoor environments.
78. Cooling Cycle: Cooling Cycle is the basic process of heat extraction, utilizing refrigerant to take in and release heat. This cycle is vital for efficient climate control system setup in buildings.
79. Scroll Compressor: Scroll Compressors effectively compress refrigerant for cooling systems. They are a critical component for effective temperature regulation in buildings.
80. Reciprocating Compressor: Piston pumps are crucial parts that squeeze refrigerant in cooling systems. They aid heat exchange, enabling efficient climate control within buildings .
81. Centrifugal Compressor: Centrifugal Compressors are critical components that raise refrigerant pressure in big climate management systems. They efficiently circulate refrigerant, enabling effective cooling and heating throughout extensive areas.
82. Rotary Compressor: Rotary Compressors are a vital component in refrigeration systems, using a spinning mechanism to compress refrigerant. Their efficiency and compact size make them perfect for climate control setups in various applications.
83. Compressor Motor: This Compressor Motor serves as the main force behind the refrigeration process, moving refrigerant. It is vital for proper climate control system setup and function in buildings.
84. Compressor Oil: Compressor Oil lubricates and protects mechanical parts inside a system's compressor, ensuring efficient refrigerant pressurization for proper climate regulation. It is crucial to choose the right type of oil throughout system installation to ensure longevity and peak function of the cooling appliance.
85. Pressure Switch: The Pressure Switch observes refrigerant levels, making sure the system works safely. It prevents damage by shutting down the cooling device if pressure falls outside the ok range.
86. Compressor Relay: A Compressor Relay is an electrical device that controls the compressor motor in cooling setups. It guarantees the compressor starts and stops correctly, allowing effective temperature regulation within climate control systems.
87. Suction Line: A Suction Line, a essential component in cooling systems, transports refrigerant vapor from the evaporator back the compressor. Proper sizing and insulation of the line are essential for efficient system performance during climate control installation.
88. Discharge Line: This discharge line transports hot, high-pressure refrigerant gas from the compressor to the condenser. Proper dimensioning and installation of the Discharge Line are crucial for ideal cooling system setup.
89. Compressor Capacity: Compressor Capacity dictates the cooling capability of a system for indoor climate control. Choosing the right capacity ensures efficient temperature regulation during climate control setup.
90. Cooling Load: Cooling Load is the volume of heat that must to be taken away from a area to keep a preferred temperature. Correct cooling load calculation is important for proper HVAC system setup and sizing.
91. Air Conditioning Repair: Air Conditioning Repair ensures systems operate perfectly after they are installed. It's essential for maintaining effective climate control systems installed.
92. Refrigerant Leak: Refrigerant Leakage decrease cooling efficiency and can result in equipment failure. Fixing these leakages is critical for proper climate control system configuration, assuring peak performance and lifespan.
93. Seer Rating: SEER rating shows an HVAC system's cooling efficiency, impacting long-term energy costs. Elevated SEER values mean greater energy savings when setting up climate control.
94. Hspf Rating: HSPF rating indicates the heating efficiency of heat pumps. Higher ratings suggest better energy effectiveness during climate control installation.
95. Preventative Maintenance: Preventative Maintenance guarantees HVAC systems operate effectively and reliably after setup. Routine upkeep lessens breakdowns and lengthens the lifespan of climate control setups.
96. Airflow: Airflow ensures effective cooling and heating distribution throughout a building. Suitable Airflow is crucial for peak performance and comfort in climate control systems.
97. Electrical Components: Electrical Components are critical for energizing and controlling systems that regulate indoor climate. They guarantee proper functioning, safety, and effectiveness in heating and cooling setups.
98. Refrigerant Charging: Refrigerant Charging is the procedure of adding the correct quantity of refrigerant to a cooling system. This assures optimal operation and effectiveness when configuring climate control units.
99. System Diagnosis: The System Diagnosis process detects potential issues prior to, during, and following HVAC system installation. It assures optimal function and prevents future troubles in HVAC setups.
100. Hvac System: Hvac System govern heat, humidity, and atmosphere quality in structures. They are vital for creating climate control solutions in domestic and business areas.
101. Ductless Air Conditioning: Ductless systems offer targeted cooling and heating without broad ductwork. They make easier climate control setup in rooms that lack existing duct systems.
102. Window Air Conditioner: Window air conditioners are standalone devices placed in panes to cool individual rooms. They provide a direct method for specific climate control within a structure.
103. Portable Air Conditioner: Portable Air Conditioner units offer a flexible temperature-control answer for spaces lacking central systems. They can also provide temporary climate control during HVAC system installations.
104. System Inspection: System check ensures correct setup of cooling systems by verifying part condition and compliance to installation standards. This procedure ensures efficient operation and avoids future malfunctions in climate control systems.
105. Coil Cleaning: Cleaning coils ensures effective heat transfer, vital for optimal system performance. This maintenance procedure is vital for correct installation of climate control systems.
106. Refrigerant Recharge: Refrigerant Recharge is vital for recovering cooling capacity in air conditioning units. It guarantees peak operation and durability of brand new climate control equipment.
107. Capacitor: Capacitors provide the needed energy boost to begin and operate motors inside of climate control systems. Their proper function ensures effective and reliable operation of the cooling unit.
108. Contactor: A Contactor is an electrical switch which controls power for the outdoor unit's components. It enables the cooling system to activate when necessary.
109. Blower Motor: The Blower Motor moves air through the ductwork, enabling effective heating and cooling distribution within a building. It's a key component for indoor climate control systems, assuring stable temperature and airflow.
110. Overheating: Overheating can severely hamper the functionality of newly set-up climate control systems. Technicians must resolve this issue to ensure efficient and dependable cooling operation.
111. Troubleshooting: Fixing identifies and resolves issues that occur during climate control system setup. Effective troubleshooting ensures optimal system performance and stops later problems during building cooling appliance fitting.
112. Refrigerant Reclaiming: Refrigerant Reclaiming retrieves and recycles used refrigerants. This procedure is essential for eco-friendly climate control system installation.
113. Global Warming: Global Warming increases the demand or for cooling systems, requiring demanding more frequent setups installations. This heightened increased need drives fuels innovation in energy-efficient power-saving climate control solutions options.
114. Montreal Protocol: This Montreal Protocol eliminates ozone-depleting substances utilized in cooling systems. This shift necessitates utilizing alternative refrigerants in new climate control setups.
115. Greenhouse Gas: Greenhouse Gas trap heat, impacting the energy efficiency and environmental impact of weather control system setups. Choosing refrigerants with lower global warming potential is crucial for sustainable climate control execution.
116. Cfc: CFCs were once vital refrigerants in cooling systems for buildings and vehicles. Their use has been discontinued due to their harmful impact on the ozone layer.
117. Hcfc: HCFCs were previously common refrigerants used in refrigeration systems for structures and vehicles. They facilitated the process of establishing climate control systems, but are now being discontinued due to their ozone-depleting properties.
118. Hfc: HFCs are generally used refrigerants in refrigeration systems for buildings. Their appropriate handling is critical during the setup of these systems to minimize environmental impact.
119. Refrigerant Oil: Refrigerant oil oils the compressor in refrigeration units, ensuring seamless operation and a long lifespan. It's essential for the correct function of climate control setups.
120. Phase-Out: Phase-out refers to the gradual elimination of certain refrigerants with high global warming capacity. This affects the choice and maintenance of climate control systems in buildings.
121. Gwp: GWP indicates a refrigerant's ability to warm the planet if released. Lower GWP refrigerants are progressively favored in climate-friendly HVAC system configurations.
122. Odp: Odp refrigerants damage the ozone layer, influencing regulations for refrigeration system installation. Installers must utilize environmentally friendly alternatives during climate control equipment installation.
123. Ashrae: Ashrae defines standards and guidelines for HVAC system installation. The criteria guarantee optimized and safe environmental control systems implementation in buildings.
124. Hvac Systems: Hvac Systems offer temperature and air condition regulation for indoor environments. They are essential for setting up cooling setups in buildings.
125. Refrigerant Leaks: Refrigerant Leaks lower cooling system efficiency and may damage the environment. Correct procedures during climate control unit installation are vital to avoid these leaks and guarantee peak performance.
126. Hvac Repair Costs: Hvac Repair Costs can significantly affect decisions about switching to a new temperature system. Unexpected repair costs may prompt homeowners to invest in a full home cooling system for future savings.
127. Hvac Installation: Hvac Installation involves setting up warming, ventilation, and cooling systems. It's essential for enabling effective temperature regulation within buildings.
128. Hvac Maintenance: Hvac Maintenance ensures effective operation and extends system life. Appropriate upkeep is vital for smooth climate control system setups.
129. Hvac Troubleshooting: Hvac Troubleshooting pinpoints and fixes issues in heating, ventilation, and cooling systems. It guarantees peak performance during climate control unit installation and operation.
130. Zoning Systems: Zoning Systems separate a building into distinct areas for customized temperature control. This approach enhances comfort and energy savings during HVAC configuration.
131. Compressor Types: Different Compressor Types are vital parts for efficient climate control systems. Their choice greatly impacts system effectiveness and performance in environmental comfort applications.
132. Compressor Efficiency: Compressor Efficiency is vital, determining how efficiently the system cools a space for a given energy input. Optimizing this efficiency directly impacts cooling system installation costs and long-term operational expenses.
133. Compressor Overheating: Compressor Overheating can seriously harm the unit's heart, leading to system failure. Proper installation ensures adequate air flow and refrigerant amounts, preventing this issue in climate control system placements.
134. Compressor Failure: Compressor malfunction stops the refrigeration process, needing expert service during climate control system configurations. A defective compressor compromises the entire system's performance and lifespan when integrating it into a building.
135. Overload Protector: An protects the compressor motor from getting too hot during climate control system installation. It prevents harm by automatically disconnecting power when too much current or temperature is detected.
136. Fan Motor: Fan motors circulate air through evaporator and condenser coils, a critical process for efficient climate control system installation. They facilitate heat exchange, ensuring optimal cooling and heating performance within the designated space.
137. Refrigerant Lines: Refrigerant Lines are essential components that connect the indoor and outdoor units, circulating refrigerant to help cooling. Their proper installation is vital for streamlined and effective climate control system installation.
138. Condensing Unit: A Condensing Unit is the outdoor part in a cooling system. The unit rejects heat from the refrigerant, enabling indoor temperature control.
139. Heat Rejection: Heat Rejection is critical for refrigeration systems to effectively remove unwanted heat from a conditioned space. Correct Heat Rejection guarantees efficient performance and lifespan of climate control setups.
140. System Efficiency: System Efficiency is vital for reducing energy consumption and operational expenses. Optimizing performance during climate control configuration ensures long-term savings and environmental benefits.
141. Pressure Drop: Pressure decrease is the decrease in fluid pressure as it flows through a system, affecting airflow in climate control setups. Properly managing Pressure Drop is vital for peak performance and efficiency in climate control systems.
142. Subcooling: Subcooling process guarantees best equipment performance by cooling the refrigerant under its condensing temperature. This action avoids flash gas, increasing cooling capacity and efficiency during HVAC equipment installation.
143. Superheat: Superheat ensures that just vapor refrigerant goes into the compressor, which prevents damage. It's important to determine superheat during HVAC system installation to maximize cooling capabilities and efficiency.
144. Refrigerant Charge: Refrigerant Charge is the quantity of refrigerant in a system, essential for optimal cooling operation. Proper charging assures effective heat exchange and avoids damage during climate control setup.
145. Corrosion: Corrosion worsens metallic components, potentially leading to leaks and system malfunctions. Protecting against Corrosion is critical for maintaining the efficiency and longevity of climate control setups.
146. Fins: Blades augment the surface area of coils, enhancing heat transfer efficiency. This is vital for optimal performance in climate control system setups.
147. Copper Tubing: Copper piping is vital for refrigerant transfer in climate control systems because of its durability and effective heat transfer. Its trustworthy connections assure proper system operation during installation of temperature regulation units.
148. Aluminum Tubing: Aluminum Tubing is essential for transferring refrigerant in climate control systems. Its lightweight and rustproof properties render them perfect for linking internal and external units in HVAC installations.
149. Repair Costs: Unforeseen maintenance can greatly impact the overall expense of setting up a new climate control system. Budgeting for potential Repair Costs ensures a more accurate and comprehensive cost assessment when implementing such a system.

Bold City Heating & Air

4.9(1,687)

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8400 Baymeadows Way Suite 1, Jacksonville, FL 32256, United States

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boldcityac.com

+1 904-379-1648

6C9C+2H Baymeadows Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA

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That Florida sun? It doesn’t play. Prepping your HVAC system now means cool breezes later. Clean filters ✔️ Check refrigerant ✔️ Program thermostats ✔️ 🔥 Be heatwave-ready with Bold City Heating & Air! Book your seasonal check-up and beat the summer rush!

3 days ago

Updates from customers

Randolph and the crew were so nice and they did a AWESOME Job of putting in new ductwork & installation. Great group of guys. RT would answer any questions you had. Felt comfortable with them in my home. From the girl at the front desk to everyone involved Thank You!! I Appreciate you all. I definitely would recommend this company to anyone 😊

a year ago

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Why would an AC heater not be turning on?

An AC heater may not turn on due to power issues like tripped circuit breakers, blown fuses, or loose wiring, thermostat problems such as dead batteries, incorrect settings, or a faulty unit, or safety features engaging due to clogged filte …

6 months ago

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4.9

1,687 reviews

"Best price and service I have ever had with an HVAC partner"

"Excellent workmanship, knowledgeable, friendly staff from owner to employees."

"They’ve been charging the service contract now the unit does not work."

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Abe Fernandez

11 reviews · 11 photos

a week ago

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DO NOT HIRE THIS COMPANY. TOOK THEM TO COURT AND WON!

We hired Bold City Heating and Air to replace all our air ducts, and the work they performed was shockingly defective. After the job was done we noticed that … More

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Kenneth Jefferson

5 reviews · 3 photos

2 months ago

Jacob; Ben & Josie were very professional and efficient. If I could give 10 stars I would. Very knowledgeable and they kept me informed throughout the whole process of my complete AC installation. The entire process was easy with Bold City … More

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Response from the owner 2 months ago

Thank you so much for your fantastic 5-star review, Kenneth & Monique! We're thrilled to hear that Jacob, Ben, and Josie provided you with professional and efficient service during your complete AC installation. At Bold City Heating & Air, … More

WILLIAM MOSIER

2 reviews · 4 photos

a month ago

Crew showed up on time got done earlier than expected. Everything was clean. They were quiet. I was able to work throughout the day while they were installing. Couldn’t have been more perfect. Happy with the service.

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Response from the owner a month ago

Thank you so much for your fantastic 5-star review, William! We're thrilled to hear that our team at Bold City Heating & Air made the installation process seamless and respectful of your work day. We appreciate your support and are glad you’re happy with our service! Let us know if you need anything else in the future!

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Bold City Heating & Air

HVAC & Air Conditioning Repair in Jacksonville, FL

Bold City offers premium HVAC service and competitive pricing to the Jacksonville, Jacksonville Beaches and Ponte Vedra areas.

24/7 Fast and Reliable. Jacksonville Grown. Family Owned & Operated.

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Summer HVAC Tune Up for Just $89

Get your system ready for the heat!

We’ll inspect, clean, and fine tune your HVAC to boost efficiency, prevent breakdowns, and keep you cool all season long.

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Jacksonville’s Best HVAC Company

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At Bold City Heating & Air, we offer our customers exceptional service when it comes to HVAC in Jacksonville, FL.

From heating and cooling repairs to energy-efficient HVAC installations that save you money, we do it all. When we opened our family-owned business in 2016, we knew we wanted to be the best around and that’s a passion that still stands.

From the moment you call us to the moment we carry out our work, you can depend on us. We believe in clear upfront pricing, no hidden costs, and the highest level of workmanship. With our NATE-certified technicians and Energy Star systems we give you the perfect combination of choice, value, and customer care.
“Experience the Bold Difference” that is Bold City Heating & Air by calling us today!

We Believe In:

Clear Upfront Pricing

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Trusted Heating and Air Pros in Jacksonville

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When it comes to heating and air services in Jacksonville, we offer all the services you need under one roof. But that’s not where our story ends.

From your HVAC system to your ducts and indoor air quality we offer a complete end-to-end solution. Our team is at the heart of everything we do. Our continuous program of education and training ensures our technicians are the best they can be. It also means our entire team stays up to date with the latest systems and technology. From our Energy Star systems to our whole-house approach, you can depend on every service and product we have to offer.

Our educated and experienced HVAC technicians specialize in a broad range of air conditioning, heating & indoor air quality solutions. We are dedicated to finding the right fit for your home or business. Our broad range of expertise ensures a solution to every challenge.

Satisfaction Guaranteed

Prioritizing satisfaction, Bold City Heating & Air exemplifies customer service.

Our Team Will:

• Keep Your Informed
• Target Your Goals

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Number One For Heating & Cooling

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Keeping you comfortable is our top priority!

When you need an HVAC contractor backed by generations of experience and who truly cares about your satisfaction, turn to Bold City Heating & Air. From air conditioning repairs to the installation of a new energy-efficient heating system, you can depend on our team. We’ll get to you as quickly as we can to solve any problem you might be experiencing.

If you need help with HVAC installation or replacement, we’ll recommend the perfect system and provide you with a competitive quote. We’ll help you to save money on your energy costs going forward and can even help with financing on approved credit.

Jacksonville Grown. Family Owned & Operated.

See What Our Customers Are Saying About Us!

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Previous

Recently moved here from MD and was not familiar with the heating/AC unit. Bold City, especially Sam Powel, has been VERY helpful. In our short time here in FL, we have recommended Bold City to acquaintances numerous times, and will continue to do so.

Paul G.

Another excellent job by Bold City. Bryan was on time, thorough, explained his analysis and solution, and completed the job. He demonstrated knowledge and expertise while providing a high level of customer service. Well done!!

John L.

Recently moved here from MD and was not familiar with the heating/AC unit. Bold City, especially Sam Powel, has been VERY helpful. In our short time here in FL, we have recommended Bold City to acquaintances numerous times, and will continue to do so.

Paul G.

Another excellent job by Bold City. Bryan was on time, thorough, explained his analysis and solution, and completed the job. He demonstrated knowledge and expertise while providing a high level of customer service. Well done!!

John L.

Recently moved here from MD and was not familiar with the heating/AC unit. Bold City, especially Sam Powel, has been VERY helpful. In our short time here in FL, we have recommended Bold City to acquaintances numerous times, and will continue to do so.

Paul G.

An HVAC Team You Can Trust

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When you’re looking for an HVAC company that you can count on, look no further than Bold City Heating & Air.

Why not try out our award-winning service for yourself? We promise to never give you the upsell. Our technicians don’t get paid commission and we don’t focus on profit margins. We know that if we give our customers the best service, our profits will look after themselves. Whether you’re looking for heating and cooling repairs in Jacksonville or you need HVAC installation or maintenance, speak to our friendly family-owned team.

We’re proud to offer our high quality HVAC services to the residents of Jacksonville. Contact our team at Bold City Heating & Air today and experience our great service for yourself!

Contact Your Bold City Specialist Today

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Air conditioning

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about cooling of air. For the Curved Air album, see Air Conditioning (album). For a similar device capable of both cooling and heating, see Heat pump.

"a/c" redirects here. For the abbreviation used in banking and book-keeping, see Account (disambiguation). For other uses, see AC.

There are various types of air conditioners. Popular examples include: Window-mounted air conditioner (China, 2023); Ceiling-mounted cassette air conditioner (China, 2023); Wall-mounted air conditioner (Japan, 2020); Ceiling-mounted console (Also called ceiling suspended) air conditioner (China, 2023); and portable air conditioner (Vatican City, 2018).

Air conditioning, often abbreviated as A/C (US) or air con (UK),^[1] is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space to achieve a more comfortable interior temperature and in some cases also controlling the humidity of internal air. Air conditioning can be achieved using a mechanical 'air conditioner' or through other methods, including passive cooling and ventilative cooling.^[2][3] Air conditioning is a member of a family of systems and techniques that provide heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC).^[4] Heat pumps are similar in many ways to air conditioners but use a reversing valve, allowing them to both heat and cool an enclosed space.^[5]

Air conditioners, which typically use vapor-compression refrigeration, range in size from small units used in vehicles or single rooms to massive units that can cool large buildings.^[6] Air source heat pumps, which can be used for heating as well as cooling, are becoming increasingly common in cooler climates.

Air conditioners can reduce mortality rates due to higher temperature.^[7] According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) 1.6 billion air conditioning units were used globally in 2016.^[8] The United Nations called for the technology to be made more sustainable to mitigate climate change and for the use of alternatives, like passive cooling, evaporative cooling, selective shading, windcatchers, and better thermal insulation.

History

[edit]

Air conditioning dates back to prehistory.^[9] Double-walled living quarters, with a gap between the two walls to encourage air flow, were found in the ancient city of Hamoukar, in modern Syria.^[10] Ancient Egyptian buildings also used a wide variety of passive air-conditioning techniques.^[11] These became widespread from the Iberian Peninsula through North Africa, the Middle East, and Northern India.^[12]

Passive techniques remained widespread until the 20th century when they fell out of fashion and were replaced by powered air conditioning. Using information from engineering studies of traditional buildings, passive techniques are being revived and modified for 21st-century architectural designs.^[13][12]

Air conditioners allow the building's indoor environment to remain relatively constant, largely independent of changes in external weather conditions and internal heat loads. They also enable deep plan buildings to be created and have allowed people to live comfortably in hotter parts of the world.^[14]

Development

[edit]

Preceding discoveries

[edit]

In 1558, Giambattista della Porta described a method of chilling ice to temperatures far below its freezing point by mixing it with potassium nitrate (then called "nitre") in his popular science book Natural Magic.^[15][16][17] In 1620, Cornelis Drebbel demonstrated "Turning Summer into Winter" for James I of England, chilling part of the Great Hall of Westminster Abbey with an apparatus of troughs and vats.^[18] Drebbel's contemporary Francis Bacon, like della Porta a believer in science communication, may not have been present at the demonstration, but in a book published later the same year, he described it as "experiment of artificial freezing" and said that "Nitre (or rather its spirit) is very cold, and hence nitre or salt when added to snow or ice intensifies the cold of the latter, the nitre by adding to its cold, but the salt by supplying activity to the cold of the snow."^[15]

In 1758, Benjamin Franklin and John Hadley, a chemistry professor at the University of Cambridge, conducted experiments applying the principle of evaporation as a means to cool an object rapidly. Franklin and Hadley confirmed that the evaporation of highly volatile liquids (such as alcohol and ether) could be used to drive down the temperature of an object past the freezing point of water. They experimented with the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer as their object. They used a bellows to speed up the evaporation. They lowered the temperature of the thermometer bulb down to −14 °C (7 °F) while the ambient temperature was 18 °C (64 °F). Franklin noted that soon after they passed the freezing point of water 0 °C (32 °F), a thin film of ice formed on the surface of the thermometer's bulb and that the ice mass was about 6 mm (1⁄4 in) thick when they stopped the experiment upon reaching −14 °C (7 °F). Franklin concluded: "From this experiment, one may see the possibility of freezing a man to death on a warm summer's day."^[19]

The 19th century included many developments in compression technology. In 1820, English scientist and inventor Michael Faraday discovered that compressing and liquefying ammonia could chill air when the liquefied ammonia was allowed to evaporate.^[20] In 1842, Florida physician John Gorrie used compressor technology to create ice, which he used to cool air for his patients in his hospital in Apalachicola, Florida. He hoped to eventually use his ice-making machine to regulate the temperature of buildings.^[20][21] He envisioned centralized air conditioning that could cool entire cities. Gorrie was granted a patent in 1851,^[22] but following the death of his main backer, he was not able to realize his invention.^[23] In 1851, James Harrison created the first mechanical ice-making machine in Geelong, Australia, and was granted a patent for an ether vapor-compression refrigeration system in 1855 that produced three tons of ice per day.^[24] In 1860, Harrison established a second ice company. He later entered the debate over competing against the American advantage of ice-refrigerated beef sales to the United Kingdom.^[24]

First devices

[edit]

Electricity made the development of effective units possible. In 1901, American inventor Willis H. Carrier built what is considered the first modern electrical air conditioning unit.^{[25][26][27][28]} In 1902, he installed his first air-conditioning system, in the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing & Publishing Company in Brooklyn, New York.^[29] His invention controlled both the temperature and humidity, which helped maintain consistent paper dimensions and ink alignment at the printing plant. Later, together with six other employees, Carrier formed The Carrier Air Conditioning Company of America, a business that in 2020 employed 53,000 people and was valued at $18.6 billion.^[30][31]

In 1906, Stuart W. Cramer of Charlotte, North Carolina, was exploring ways to add moisture to the air in his textile mill. Cramer coined the term "air conditioning" in a patent claim which he filed that year, where he suggested that air conditioning was analogous to "water conditioning", then a well-known process for making textiles easier to process.^[32] He combined moisture with ventilation to "condition" and change the air in the factories; thus, controlling the humidity that is necessary in textile plants. Willis Carrier adopted the term and incorporated it into the name of his company.^[33]

Domestic air conditioning soon took off. In 1914, the first domestic air conditioning was installed in Minneapolis in the home of Charles Gilbert Gates. It is, however, possible that the considerable device (c. 2.1 m × 1.8 m × 6.1 m; 7 ft × 6 ft × 20 ft) was never used, as the house remained uninhabited^[20] (Gates had already died in October 1913.)

In 1931, H.H. Schultz and J.Q. Sherman developed what would become the most common type of individual room air conditioner: one designed to sit on a window ledge. The units went on sale in 1932 at US$10,000 to $50,000 (the equivalent of $200,000 to $1,200,000 in 2024.)^[20] A year later, the first air conditioning systems for cars were offered for sale.^[34] Chrysler Motors introduced the first practical semi-portable air conditioning unit in 1935,^[35] and Packard became the first automobile manufacturer to offer an air conditioning unit in its cars in 1939.^[36]

Further development

[edit]

Innovations in the latter half of the 20th century allowed more ubiquitous air conditioner use. In 1945, Robert Sherman of Lynn, Massachusetts, invented a portable, in-window air conditioner that cooled, heated, humidified, dehumidified, and filtered the air.^[37] The first inverter air conditioners were released in 1980–1981.^[38][39]

In 1954, Ned Cole, a 1939 architecture graduate from the University of Texas at Austin, developed the first experimental "suburb" with inbuilt air conditioning in each house. 22 homes were developed on a flat, treeless track in northwest Austin, Texas, and the community was christened the 'Austin Air-Conditioned Village.' The residents were subjected to a year-long study of the effects of air conditioning led by the nation’s premier air conditioning companies, builders, and social scientists. In addition, researchers from UT’s Health Service and Psychology Department studied the effects on the "artificially cooled humans." One of the more amusing discoveries was that each family reported being troubled with scorpions, the leading theory being that scorpions sought cool, shady places. Other reported changes in lifestyle were that mothers baked more, families ate heavier foods, and they were more apt to choose hot drinks.^[40][41]

Air conditioner adoption tends to increase above around $10,000 annual household income in warmer areas.^[42] Global GDP growth explains around 85% of increased air condition adoption by 2050, while the remaining 15% can be explained by climate change.^[42]

As of 2016 an estimated 1.6 billion air conditioning units were used worldwide, with over half of them in China and USA, and a total cooling capacity of 11,675 gigawatts.^[8][43] The International Energy Agency predicted in 2018 that the number of air conditioning units would grow to around 4 billion units by 2050 and that the total cooling capacity would grow to around 23,000 GW, with the biggest increases in India and China.^[8] Between 1995 and 2004, the proportion of urban households in China with air conditioners increased from 8% to 70%.^[44] As of 2015, nearly 100 million homes, or about 87% of US households, had air conditioning systems.^[45] In 2019, it was estimated that 90% of new single-family homes constructed in the US included air conditioning (ranging from 99% in the South to 62% in the West).^[46][47]

Operation

[edit]

Operating principles

[edit]

Main article: Vapor-compression refrigeration

Cooling in traditional air conditioner systems is accomplished using the vapor-compression cycle, which uses a refrigerant's forced circulation and phase change between gas and liquid to transfer heat.^[48][49] The vapor-compression cycle can occur within a unitary, or packaged piece of equipment; or within a chiller that is connected to terminal cooling equipment (such as a fan coil unit in an air handler) on its evaporator side and heat rejection equipment such as a cooling tower on its condenser side. An air source heat pump shares many components with an air conditioning system, but includes a reversing valve, which allows the unit to be used to heat as well as cool a space.^[50]

Air conditioning equipment will reduce the absolute humidity of the air processed by the system if the surface of the evaporator coil is significantly cooler than the dew point of the surrounding air. An air conditioner designed for an occupied space will typically achieve a 30% to 60% relative humidity in the occupied space.^[51]

Most modern air-conditioning systems feature a dehumidification cycle during which the compressor runs. At the same time, the fan is slowed to reduce the evaporator temperature and condense more water. A dehumidifier uses the same refrigeration cycle but incorporates both the evaporator and the condenser into the same air path; the air first passes over the evaporator coil, where it is cooled^[52] and dehumidified before passing over the condenser coil, where it is warmed again before it is released back into the room.^{[citation needed]}

Free cooling can sometimes be selected when the external air is cooler than the internal air. Therefore, the compressor does not need to be used, resulting in high cooling efficiencies for these times. This may also be combined with seasonal thermal energy storage.^[53]

Heating

[edit]

Main article: Heat pump

Some air conditioning systems can reverse the refrigeration cycle and act as an air source heat pump, thus heating instead of cooling the indoor environment. They are also commonly referred to as "reverse cycle air conditioners". The heat pump is significantly more energy-efficient than electric resistance heating, because it moves energy from air or groundwater to the heated space and the heat from purchased electrical energy. When the heat pump is in heating mode, the indoor evaporator coil switches roles and becomes the condenser coil, producing heat. The outdoor condenser unit also switches roles to serve as the evaporator and discharges cold air (colder than the ambient outdoor air).

Most air source heat pumps become less efficient in outdoor temperatures lower than 4 °C or 40 °F.^[54] This is partly because ice forms on the outdoor unit's heat exchanger coil, which blocks air flow over the coil. To compensate for this, the heat pump system must temporarily switch back into the regular air conditioning mode to switch the outdoor evaporator coil back to the condenser coil, to heat up and defrost. Therefore, some heat pump systems will have electric resistance heating in the indoor air path that is activated only in this mode to compensate for the temporary indoor air cooling, which would otherwise be uncomfortable in the winter.

Newer models have improved cold-weather performance, with efficient heating capacity down to −14 °F (−26 °C).^[55][54][56] However, there is always a chance that the humidity that condenses on the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit could freeze, even in models that have improved cold-weather performance, requiring a defrosting cycle to be performed.

The icing problem becomes much more severe with lower outdoor temperatures, so heat pumps are sometimes installed in tandem with a more conventional form of heating, such as an electrical heater, a natural gas, heating oil, or wood-burning fireplace or central heating, which is used instead of or in addition to the heat pump during harsher winter temperatures. In this case, the heat pump is used efficiently during milder temperatures, and the system is switched to the conventional heat source when the outdoor temperature is lower.

Performance

[edit]

Main articles: coefficient of performance, Seasonal energy efficiency ratio, and European seasonal energy efficiency ratio

The coefficient of performance (COP) of an air conditioning system is a ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to the work required.^[57][58] Higher COPs equate to lower operating costs. The COP usually exceeds 1; however, the exact value is highly dependent on operating conditions, especially absolute temperature and relative temperature between sink and system, and is often graphed or averaged against expected conditions.^[59] Air conditioner equipment power in the U.S. is often described in terms of "tons of refrigeration", with each approximately equal to the cooling power of one short ton (2,000 pounds (910 kg) of ice melting in a 24-hour period. The value is equal to 12,000 BTU_IT per hour, or 3,517 watts.^[60] Residential central air systems are usually from 1 to 5 tons (3.5 to 18 kW) in capacity.^{[citation needed]}

The efficiency of air conditioners is often rated by the seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER), which is defined by the Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute in its 2008 standard AHRI 210/240, Performance Rating of Unitary Air-Conditioning and Air-Source Heat Pump Equipment.^[61] A similar standard is the European seasonal energy efficiency ratio (ESEER).^{[citation needed]}

Efficiency is strongly affected by the humidity of the air to be cooled. Dehumidifying the air before attempting to cool it can reduce subsequent cooling costs by as much as 90 percent. Thus, reducing dehumidifying costs can materially affect overall air conditioning costs.^[62]

Control system

[edit]

Wireless remote control

[edit]

Main articles: Remote control and Infrared blaster

A wireless remote controller

The infrared transmitting LED on the remote

The infrared receiver on the air conditioner

This type of controller uses an infrared LED to relay commands from a remote control to the air conditioner. The output of the infrared LED (like that of any infrared remote) is invisible to the human eye because its wavelength is beyond the range of visible light (940 nm). This system is commonly used on mini-split air conditioners because it is simple and portable. Some window and ducted central air conditioners uses it as well.

Wired controller

[edit]

Main article: Thermostat

Several wired controllers (Indonesia, 2024)

A wired controller, also called a "wired thermostat," is a device that controls an air conditioner by switching heating or cooling on or off. It uses different sensors to measure temperatures and actuate control operations. Mechanical thermostats commonly use bimetallic strips, converting a temperature change into mechanical displacement, to actuate control of the air conditioner. Electronic thermostats, instead, use a thermistor or other semiconductor sensor, processing temperature change as electronic signals to control the air conditioner.

These controllers are usually used in hotel rooms because they are permanently installed into a wall and hard-wired directly into the air conditioner unit, eliminating the need for batteries.

Types

[edit]

Types	Typical Capacity*	Air supply	Mounting	Typical application
Mini-split	small – large	Direct	Wall	Residential
Window	very small – small	Direct	Window	Residential
Portable	very small – small	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Residential, remote areas
Ducted (individual)	small – very large	Ducted	Ceiling	Residential, commercial
Ducted (central)	medium – very large	Ducted	Ceiling	Residential, commercial
Ceiling suspended	medium – large	Direct	Ceiling	Commercial
Cassette	medium – large	Direct / Ducted	Ceiling	Commercial
Floor standing	medium – large	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Commercial
Packaged	very large	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Commercial
Packaged RTU (Rooftop Unit)	very large	Ducted	Rooftop	Commercial

* where the typical capacity is in kilowatt as follows:

• very small: <1.5 kW
• small: 1.5–3.5 kW
• medium: 4.2–7.1 kW
• large: 7.2–14 kW
• very large: >14 kW

Mini-split and multi-split systems

[edit]

Ductless systems (often mini-split, though there are now ducted mini-split) typically supply conditioned and heated air to a single or a few rooms of a building, without ducts and in a decentralized manner.^[63] Multi-zone or multi-split systems are a common application of ductless systems and allow up to eight rooms (zones or locations) to be conditioned independently from each other, each with its indoor unit and simultaneously from a single outdoor unit.

The first mini-split system was sold in 1961 by Toshiba in Japan, and the first wall-mounted mini-split air conditioner was sold in 1968 in Japan by Mitsubishi Electric, where small home sizes motivated their development. The Mitsubishi model was the first air conditioner with a cross-flow fan.^[64][65][66] In 1969, the first mini-split air conditioner was sold in the US.^[67] Multi-zone ductless systems were invented by Daikin in 1973, and variable refrigerant flow systems (which can be thought of as larger multi-split systems) were also invented by Daikin in 1982. Both were first sold in Japan.^[68] Variable refrigerant flow systems when compared with central plant cooling from an air handler, eliminate the need for large cool air ducts, air handlers, and chillers; instead cool refrigerant is transported through much smaller pipes to the indoor units in the spaces to be conditioned, thus allowing for less space above dropped ceilings and a lower structural impact, while also allowing for more individual and independent temperature control of spaces. The outdoor and indoor units can be spread across the building.^[69] Variable refrigerant flow indoor units can also be turned off individually in unused spaces.^{[citation needed]} The lower start-up power of VRF's DC inverter compressors and their inherent DC power requirements also allow VRF solar-powered heat pumps to be run using DC-providing solar panels.

Ducted central systems

[edit]

Split-system central air conditioners consist of two heat exchangers, an outside unit (the condenser) from which heat is rejected to the environment and an internal heat exchanger (the evaporator, or Fan Coil Unit, FCU) with the piped refrigerant being circulated between the two. The FCU is then connected to the spaces to be cooled by ventilation ducts.^[70] Floor standing air conditioners are similar to this type of air conditioner but sit within spaces that need cooling.

Central plant cooling

[edit]

See also: Chiller

Large central cooling plants may use intermediate coolant such as chilled water pumped into air handlers or fan coil units near or in the spaces to be cooled which then duct or deliver cold air into the spaces to be conditioned, rather than ducting cold air directly to these spaces from the plant, which is not done due to the low density and heat capacity of air, which would require impractically large ducts. The chilled water is cooled by chillers in the plant, which uses a refrigeration cycle to cool water, often transferring its heat to the atmosphere even in liquid-cooled chillers through the use of cooling towers. Chillers may be air- or liquid-cooled.^[71][72]

Portable units

[edit]

A portable system has an indoor unit on wheels connected to an outdoor unit via flexible pipes, similar to a permanently fixed installed unit (such as a ductless split air conditioner).

Hose systems, which can be monoblock or air-to-air, are vented to the outside via air ducts. The monoblock type collects the water in a bucket or tray and stops when full. The air-to-air type re-evaporates the water, discharges it through the ducted hose, and can run continuously. Many but not all portable units draw indoor air and expel it outdoors through a single duct, negatively impacting their overall cooling efficiency.

Many portable air conditioners come with heat as well as a dehumidification function.^[73]

Window unit and packaged terminal

[edit]

Main article: Packaged terminal air conditioner

The packaged terminal air conditioner (PTAC), through-the-wall, and window air conditioners are similar. These units are installed on a window frame or on a wall opening. The unit usually has an internal partition separating its indoor and outdoor sides, which contain the unit's condenser and evaporator, respectively. PTAC systems may be adapted to provide heating in cold weather, either directly by using an electric strip, gas, or other heaters, or by reversing the refrigerant flow to heat the interior and draw heat from the exterior air, converting the air conditioner into a heat pump. They may be installed in a wall opening with the help of a special sleeve on the wall and a custom grill that is flush with the wall and window air conditioners can also be installed in a window, but without a custom grill.^[74]

Packaged air conditioner

[edit]

Packaged air conditioners (also known as self-contained units)^[75][76] are central systems that integrate into a single housing all the components of a split central system, and deliver air, possibly through ducts, to the spaces to be cooled. Depending on their construction they may be outdoors or indoors, on roofs (rooftop units),^[77][78] draw the air to be conditioned from inside or outside a building and be water or air-cooled. Often, outdoor units are air-cooled while indoor units are liquid-cooled using a cooling tower.^{[70][79][80][81][82][83]}

Types of compressors

[edit]

Compressor types	Common applications	Typical capacity	Efficiency	Durability	Repairability
Reciprocating	Refrigerator, Walk-in freezer, portable air conditioners	small – large	very low (small capacity) medium (large capacity)	very low	medium
Rotary vane	Residential mini splits	small	low	low	easy
Scroll	Commercial and central systems, VRF	medium	medium	medium	easy
Rotary screw	Commercial chiller	medium – large	medium	medium	hard
Centrifugal	Commercial chiller	very large	medium	high	hard
Maglev Centrifugal	Commercial chiller	very large	high	very high	very hard

Reciprocating

[edit]

Main article: Reciprocating compressor

This compressor consists of a crankcase, crankshaft, piston rod, piston, piston ring, cylinder head and valves. ^{[citation needed]}

Scroll

[edit]

Main article: Scroll compressor

This compressor uses two interleaving scrolls to compress the refrigerant.^[84] it consists of one fixed and one orbiting scrolls. This type of compressor is more efficient because it has 70 percent less moving parts than a reciprocating compressor. ^{[citation needed]}

Screw

[edit]

Main article: Rotary-screw compressor

This compressor use two very closely meshing spiral rotors to compress the gas. The gas enters at the suction side and moves through the threads as the screws rotate. The meshing rotors force the gas through the compressor, and the gas exits at the end of the screws. The working area is the inter-lobe volume between the male and female rotors. It is larger at the intake end, and decreases along the length of the rotors until the exhaust port. This change in volume is the compression. ^{[citation needed]}

Capacity modulation technologies

[edit]

There are several ways to modulate the cooling capacity in refrigeration or air conditioning and heating systems. The most common in air conditioning are: on-off cycling, hot gas bypass, use or not of liquid injection, manifold configurations of multiple compressors, mechanical modulation (also called digital), and inverter technology. ^{[citation needed]}

Hot gas bypass

[edit]

Hot gas bypass involves injecting a quantity of gas from discharge to the suction side. The compressor will keep operating at the same speed, but due to the bypass, the refrigerant mass flow circulating with the system is reduced, and thus the cooling capacity. This naturally causes the compressor to run uselessly during the periods when the bypass is operating. The turn down capacity varies between 0 and 100%.^[85]

Manifold configurations

[edit]

Several compressors can be installed in the system to provide the peak cooling capacity. Each compressor can run or not in order to stage the cooling capacity of the unit. The turn down capacity is either 0/33/66 or 100% for a trio configuration and either 0/50 or 100% for a tandem.^{[citation needed]}

Mechanically modulated compressor

[edit]

This internal mechanical capacity modulation is based on periodic compression process with a control valve, the two scroll set move apart stopping the compression for a given time period. This method varies refrigerant flow by changing the average time of compression, but not the actual speed of the motor. Despite an excellent turndown ratio – from 10 to 100% of the cooling capacity, mechanically modulated scrolls have high energy consumption as the motor continuously runs.^{[citation needed]}

Variable-speed compressor

[edit]

Main article: Inverter compressor

This system uses a variable-frequency drive (also called an Inverter) to control the speed of the compressor. The refrigerant flow rate is changed by the change in the speed of the compressor. The turn down ratio depends on the system configuration and manufacturer. It modulates from 15 or 25% up to 100% at full capacity with a single inverter from 12 to 100% with a hybrid tandem. This method is the most efficient way to modulate an air conditioner's capacity. It is up to 58% more efficient than a fixed speed system.^{[citation needed]}

Impact

[edit]

Health effects

[edit]

In hot weather, air conditioning can prevent heat stroke, dehydration due to excessive sweating, electrolyte imbalance, kidney failure, and other issues due to hyperthermia.^[8][86] Heat waves are the most lethal type of weather phenomenon in the United States.^[87][88] A 2020 study found that areas with lower use of air conditioning correlated with higher rates of heat-related mortality and hospitalizations.^[89] The August 2003 France heatwave resulted in approximately 15,000 deaths, where 80% of the victims were over 75 years old. In response, the French government required all retirement homes to have at least one air-conditioned room at 25 °C (77 °F) per floor during heatwaves.^[8]

Air conditioning (including filtration, humidification, cooling and disinfection) can be used to provide a clean, safe, hypoallergenic atmosphere in hospital operating rooms and other environments where proper atmosphere is critical to patient safety and well-being. It is sometimes recommended for home use by people with allergies, especially mold.^[90][91] However, poorly maintained water cooling towers can promote the growth and spread of microorganisms such as Legionella pneumophila, the infectious agent responsible for Legionnaires' disease. As long as the cooling tower is kept clean (usually by means of a chlorine treatment), these health hazards can be avoided or reduced. The state of New York has codified requirements for registration, maintenance, and testing of cooling towers to protect against Legionella.^[92]

Economic effects

[edit]

First designed to benefit targeted industries such as the press as well as large factories, the invention quickly spread to public agencies and administrations with studies with claims of increased productivity close to 24% in places equipped with air conditioning.^[93]

Air conditioning caused various shifts in demography, notably that of the United States starting from the 1970s. In the US, the birth rate was lower in the spring than during other seasons until the 1970s but this difference then declined since then.^[94] As of 2007, the Sun Belt contained 30% of the total US population while it was inhabited by 24% of Americans at the beginning of the 20th century.^[95] Moreover, the summer mortality rate in the US, which had been higher in regions subject to a heat wave during the summer, also evened out.^[7]

The spread of the use of air conditioning acts as a main driver for the growth of global demand of electricity.^[96] According to a 2018 report from the International Energy Agency (IEA), it was revealed that the energy consumption for cooling in the United States, involving 328 million Americans, surpasses the combined energy consumption of 4.4 billion people in Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, and Asia (excluding China).^[8] A 2020 survey found that an estimated 88% of all US households use AC, increasing to 93% when solely looking at homes built between 2010 and 2020.^[97]

Environmental effects

[edit]

Space cooling including air conditioning accounted globally for 2021 terawatt-hours of energy usage in 2016 with around 99% in the form of electricity, according to a 2018 report on air-conditioning efficiency by the International Energy Agency.^[8] The report predicts an increase of electricity usage due to space cooling to around 6200 TWh by 2050,^[8][98] and that with the progress currently seen, greenhouse gas emissions attributable to space cooling will double: 1,135 million tons (2016) to 2,070 million tons.^[8] There is some push to increase the energy efficiency of air conditioners. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the IEA found that if air conditioners could be twice as effective as now, 460 billion tons of GHG could be cut over 40 years.^[99] The UNEP and IEA also recommended legislation to decrease the use of hydrofluorocarbons, better building insulation, and more sustainable temperature-controlled food supply chains going forward.^[99]

Refrigerants have also caused and continue to cause serious environmental issues, including ozone depletion and climate change, as several countries have not yet ratified the Kigali Amendment to reduce the consumption and production of hydrofluorocarbons.^[100] CFCs and HCFCs refrigerants such as R-12 and R-22, respectively, used within air conditioners have caused damage to the ozone layer,^[101] and hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants such as R-410A and R-404A, which were designed to replace CFCs and HCFCs, are instead exacerbating climate change.^[102] Both issues happen due to the venting of refrigerant to the atmosphere, such as during repairs. HFO refrigerants, used in some if not most new equipment, solve both issues with an ozone damage potential (ODP) of zero and a much lower global warming potential (GWP) in the single or double digits vs. the three or four digits of hydrofluorocarbons.^[103]

Hydrofluorocarbons would have raised global temperatures by around 0.3–0.5 °C (0.5–0.9 °F) by 2100 without the Kigali Amendment. With the Kigali Amendment, the increase of global temperatures by 2100 due to hydrofluorocarbons is predicted to be around 0.06 °C (0.1 °F).^[104]

Alternatives to continual air conditioning include passive cooling, passive solar cooling, natural ventilation, operating shades to reduce solar gain, using trees, architectural shades, windows (and using window coatings) to reduce solar gain.^{[citation needed]}

Social effects

[edit]

Socioeconomic groups with a household income below around $10,000 tend to have a low air conditioning adoption,^[42] which worsens heat-related mortality.^[7] The lack of cooling can be hazardous, as areas with lower use of air conditioning correlate with higher rates of heat-related mortality and hospitalizations.^[89] Premature mortality in NYC is projected to grow between 47% and 95% in 30 years, with lower-income and vulnerable populations most at risk.^[89] Studies on the correlation between heat-related mortality and hospitalizations and living in low socioeconomic locations can be traced in Phoenix, Arizona,^[105] Hong Kong,^[106] China,^[106] Japan,^[107] and Italy.^[108][109] Additionally, costs concerning health care can act as another barrier, as the lack of private health insurance during a 2009 heat wave in Australia, was associated with heat-related hospitalization.^[109]

Disparities in socioeconomic status and access to air conditioning are connected by some to institutionalized racism, which leads to the association of specific marginalized communities with lower economic status, poorer health, residing in hotter neighborhoods, engaging in physically demanding labor, and experiencing limited access to cooling technologies such as air conditioning.^[109] A study overlooking Chicago, Illinois, Detroit, and Michigan found that black households were half as likely to have central air conditioning units when compared to their white counterparts.^[110] Especially in cities, Redlining creates heat islands, increasing temperatures in certain parts of the city.^[109] This is due to materials heat-absorbing building materials and pavements and lack of vegetation and shade coverage.^[111] There have been initiatives that provide cooling solutions to low-income communities, such as public cooling spaces.^[8][111]

Other techniques

[edit]

Buildings designed with passive air conditioning are generally less expensive to construct and maintain than buildings with conventional HVAC systems with lower energy demands.^[112] While tens of air changes per hour, and cooling of tens of degrees, can be achieved with passive methods, site-specific microclimate must be taken into account, complicating building design.^[12]

Many techniques can be used to increase comfort and reduce the temperature in buildings. These include evaporative cooling, selective shading, wind, thermal convection, and heat storage.^[113]

Passive ventilation

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Passive ventilation.[edit]

Passive ventilation is the process of supplying air to and removing air from an indoor space without using mechanical systems. It refers to the flow of external air to an indoor space as a result of pressure differences arising from natural forces.

There are two types of natural ventilation occurring in buildings: wind driven ventilation and buoyancy-driven ventilation. Wind driven ventilation arises from the different pressures created by wind around a building or structure, and openings being formed on the perimeter which then permit flow through the building. Buoyancy-driven ventilation occurs as a result of the directional buoyancy force that results from temperature differences between the interior and exterior.^[114]

Since the internal heat gains which create temperature differences between the interior and exterior are created by natural processes, including the heat from people, and wind effects are variable, naturally ventilated buildings are sometimes called "breathing buildings".

Passive cooling

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Passive cooling.[edit]

Passive cooling is a building design approach that focuses on heat gain control and heat dissipation in a building in order to improve the indoor thermal comfort with low or no energy consumption.^[115][116] This approach works either by preventing heat from entering the interior (heat gain prevention) or by removing heat from the building (natural cooling).^[117]

Natural cooling utilizes on-site energy, available from the natural environment, combined with the architectural design of building components (e.g. building envelope), rather than mechanical systems to dissipate heat.^[118] Therefore, natural cooling depends not only on the architectural design of the building but on how the site's natural resources are used as heat sinks (i.e. everything that absorbs or dissipates heat). Examples of on-site heat sinks are the upper atmosphere (night sky), the outdoor air (wind), and the earth/soil.

Passive cooling is an important tool for design of buildings for climate change adaptation – reducing dependency on energy-intensive air conditioning in warming environments.^[119][120]

Daytime radiative cooling

[edit]

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) surfaces reflect incoming solar radiation and heat back into outer space through the infrared window for cooling during the daytime. Daytime radiative cooling became possible with the ability to suppress solar heating using photonic structures, which emerged through a study by Raman et al. (2014).^[122] PDRCs can come in a variety of forms, including paint coatings and films, that are designed to be high in solar reflectance and thermal emittance.^[121][123]

PDRC applications on building roofs and envelopes have demonstrated significant decreases in energy consumption and costs.^[123] In suburban single-family residential areas, PDRC application on roofs can potentially lower energy costs by 26% to 46%.^[124] PDRCs are predicted to show a market size of ~$27 billion for indoor space cooling by 2025 and have undergone a surge in research and development since the 2010s.^[125][126]

Fans

[edit]

Main article: Ceiling fan

Hand fans have existed since prehistory. Large human-powered fans built into buildings include the punkah.

The 2nd-century Chinese inventor Ding Huan of the Han dynasty invented a rotary fan for air conditioning, with seven wheels 3 m (10 ft) in diameter and manually powered by prisoners.^{[127]: 99, 151, 233} In 747, Emperor Xuanzong (r. 712–762) of the Tang dynasty (618–907) had the Cool Hall (Liang Dian 涼殿) built in the imperial palace, which the Tang Yulin describes as having water-powered fan wheels for air conditioning as well as rising jet streams of water from fountains. During the subsequent Song dynasty (960–1279), written sources mentioned the air conditioning rotary fan as even more widely used.^{[127]: 134, 151}

Thermal buffering

[edit]

In areas that are cold at night or in winter, heat storage is used. Heat may be stored in earth or masonry; air is drawn past the masonry to heat or cool it.^[13]

In areas that are below freezing at night in winter, snow and ice can be collected and stored in ice houses for later use in cooling.^[13] This technique is over 3,700 years old in the Middle East.^[128] Harvesting outdoor ice during winter and transporting and storing for use in summer was practiced by wealthy Europeans in the early 1600s,^[15] and became popular in Europe and the Americas towards the end of the 1600s.^[129] This practice was replaced by mechanical compression-cycle icemakers.

Evaporative cooling

[edit]

Main article: Evaporative cooler

In dry, hot climates, the evaporative cooling effect may be used by placing water at the air intake, such that the draft draws air over water and then into the house. For this reason, it is sometimes said that the fountain, in the architecture of hot, arid climates, is like the fireplace in the architecture of cold climates.^[11] Evaporative cooling also makes the air more humid, which can be beneficial in a dry desert climate.^[130]

Evaporative coolers tend to feel as if they are not working during times of high humidity, when there is not much dry air with which the coolers can work to make the air as cool as possible for dwelling occupants. Unlike other types of air conditioners, evaporative coolers rely on the outside air to be channeled through cooler pads that cool the air before it reaches the inside of a house through its air duct system; this cooled outside air must be allowed to push the warmer air within the house out through an exhaust opening such as an open door or window.^[131]

See also

[edit]

• Air filter
• Air purifier
• Cleanroom
• Crankcase heater
• Energy recovery ventilation
• Indoor air quality
• Particulates

References

[edit]

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